[The effect of acute poisoning of rats with carbaryl on transamination reactions with participation of alpha-ketoglutarate. II. Activity of hepatic aminotransferases]. / Wplyw ostrego zatrucia szczurów karbarylem na reakcje transaminacji z udzialem alfa-ketoglutaranu. Cz. II. Aktywnosc aminotransferaz watrobowych.

White male Wistar rats were poisoned orally with a single carbaryl dose 474 mg/kg (1/2 LD50). The activity of aminotransferases in the cytoplasma of liver homogenates catalysing the reactions between alpha-ketoglutarate and six amino acids (cysteine, lysine, phenylalanine, leucine, asparagine and valine) after 2, 4, 24 and 72 hours from the administration of the insecticide was determined. The activity of aminotransferases was expressed as the amount of glutamic acid developing during 1 hour of incubation of liver homogenate calculated for 1 g of tissue. Glutamic acid was determined spectrophotometrically after chromatographic separation on paper. The results of the investigations demonstrated that acute poisoning with carbaryl caused a statistically significant changes in the activity of two hepatic aminotransferases. A rise was observed in the activity of the enzyme causing transamination in the reaction between alpha-ketoglutarate and phenylalanine 24 hours after insecticide administration (64.1%), and a fall of the activity of the aminotransferase catalyzing the reaction between alpha-ketoglutarate and asparagine in the 4th, 24th and 72nd hours after intoxication (16.4%, 17.3% and 19.2% respectively).

[Examination of the effect of chlorfenvinphos on the activity of aminotransferase in plasma and liver in vitro]. / Badania wplywu chlorfenwinfosu na aktywnosc aminotransferaz osoczowych i watrobowych w warunkach in vitro.

In vitro experiments the effect of chlorfenvinphos on aminotransferases activities in rat plasma and liver homogenate cytoplasmic fraction was studied. As amino groups donors in the transamination reactions with plasma enzymes the next eight amino acids were used: alanine, aspartic acid, cysteine, phenylalanine, leucine, lysine, valine and asparagine, and with the liver cytoplasmatic enzymes--the same above mentioned without asparagine. In all these reactions as an amino groups acceptor alfa-ketoglutaric acid was used. To the incubation mixtures were added: 1 cm3 of the plasma or liver homogenate cytoplasmic fraction; 0.05 cm3 of chlorfenvinphos solution in ethyl acetate (0.17 mg/cm3) or 0.05 cm3 ethyl acetate. Aminotransferase activity was expressed as the amount of glutamate developing during 1 h incubation. Glutamic acid was determined spectrophotometrically after chromatographic separation on filter paper. Both in rat plasma and in liver cytoplasmic fraction all used amino acids as amino groups donors in the transamination reactions were shown. In the reactions with the blood plasma enzymes the most active donors were: alanine, aspartic acid and cysteine and with the participation of liver transaminases: alanine, aspartic acid and phenylalanine. As well in plasma, as in liver the greater activity of AlAT than of AspAT was observed. In the reaction with alanine and aspartate there was formed in the case of plasma 1.51 mumol Glu/cm3 and 1.00 mumol Glu/cm3 respectively and in the case of liver -69.07 mumol Glu/g and 53.26 mumol Glu/g respectively. Results of statistical analysis revealed that small plasma and liver aminotransferases inhibition was caused by the solvent, while the insecticide under test had no influence on the efficiency of transamination.

[The effect of acute poisoning of rats with carbaryl on the transamination reactions involving alpha-ketoglutarate. Part I. Activity of plasma aminotransferases]. / Wplyw ostrego zatrucia szczurów karbarylem na rekcje transaminacji z udzialem alfa-ketoglutaranu. CZ. I. Aktywnosc aminotransferaz osoczowych.

White male Wistar rats were poisoned orally with a single carbaryl dose 474 mg/kg (1/2 LD50). In the plasma of control animals and 2, 4, 24 and 72 hours after administration of the insecticide the activity of aminotransferase catalysing the reactions between alpha-ketoglutarate and six amino acids (cysteine, lysine, phenylalanine, leucine, asparagine and valine) was determined. Aminotransferases activity was expressed as the amount of glutamic acid developing during incubation of 1 cm3 of plasma for 1 hour. Glutamic acid was determined spectrophotometrically after chromatographic separation on paper. The results of the investigations demonstrated that acute intoxication with carbaryl caused a statistically significant increase in the activity of two aminotransferases in the plasma of experimental animals. A rise in the activity of the enzyme catalysing the reaction between alpha-ketoglutarate and asparagine ketoglutarate and lysine was observed.

[Pyruvic acid in the rat liver and myocardium after acute chlorfenvinphos poisoning]. / Kwas pirogronowy w watrobie i sercu szczura w warunkach ostrej intoksykacji chlorfenwinfosem.

The authors studied the effect of chlorfenvinphos on the pyruvic acid level in the liver and cardiac muscle of male Wistar rats. The animals were intoxicated with chlorfenvinphos in a single oral dose of 5 mg/kg (0.5 LD50). The pyruvate was assayed spectrophotometrically after 2, 4 and 24 hours following administration of the insecticide. The results obtained indicate that after intoxication with chlorfenvinphos there are no changes in the pyruvic acid level in the liver, but in the heart muscle, two hours after administration of insecticide, a significant decrease of this keto acid was observed. No alterations were found 4 and 24 hours after intoxication with chlorfenvinphos.

[Effect of acute carbaryl poisoning on various indicators of amino acid metabolism in rats]. / Badania wplywu ostrej intoksykacji karbarylem na niektóre wskazniki przemiany aminokwasowej u szczura.

Male Wistar rats were orally poisoned with carbaryl in a single dose 474 mg/kg (1/2 LD50). After 2, 4, 24, 72 and sometimes 120 hours from the administration of the insecticide the studied biochemical parameters have been determined. Trials showed an essential effect of carbaryl on the amino acid balance and metabolism. Significant decreases of the most amino acids concentrations in the brain tissue (a maximum decrease in the second hour) and in the liver (at 4-th h of intoxication). Normalization of the amino acid levels occurred more early in the brain than in the liver. Furthermore a decrease of total keto-acids concentration in erythrocytes (at 4-th h) and activity changes of some plasma and liver plasmatic aminotransferases in the reaction with alpha-ketoglutarate and pyruvate was observed.

[Serum levels of various free amino acids in patients with collagen pneumoconiosis]. / Stezenia niektórych wolnych aminokwasów w surowicy krwi chorych na pylice pluc kolagenowa.

The purpose of the study was the evaluation of blood serum concentration of selected free amino acids of collagen (arginine, glycine, glutamic acid with threonine, leucine with isoleucine and alanine) in patients with diagnosed collagen pneumoconiosis caused by industrial dust containing free silica. The group studied consisted of 17 men aged 41 to 60 years with radiologically diagnosed pneumoconiosis as p, q, or r type. The exposure time to silica dust was equal to 17 years on average. The control group consisted of 21 healthy subject, men aged 16 to 59 years. The serum amino acids were isolated using paper chromatography (the cylindrical technique) and quantitative measurements were performed by means of evaluation of absorption of colorful eluates of DYDA complex with cadmium ions. The results obtained were statistically evaluated using the Student t test at 95% probability level. The statistical analysis of results showed important individual variability of amino acid determined and individual variability coefficients were in range 28.7-39.8%. The significant increase of the glycine and of glutaminic acid with threonine levels (36.4% and 62.2%, respectively) and significant decrease in the level of leucine with isoleucine (16.5%) has been stated in patients if compare with the control group. In patients with collagen pneumoconiosis the levels of arginine or alanine remained within the normal range.

[Effect of acute poisoning of rats with carbaryl on transamination reactions with involving pyruvate. III. Supplementary studies of plasma aminotransferases]. / Wplyw ostrego zatrucia szczurów karbarylem na reakcje transaminacji z udzialem pirogronianu. Cz. III. Badania uzupelniajace aminotransferaz osoczowych.

Male Wistar rats were poisoned orally with one carbaryl dose 474 mg/kg (1/2 DL50). After 2, 4, 24 and 72 hours from the administration of the insecticide the activity of plasma aminotransferases catalysing the reactions between pyruvate and the following amino acids: asparagine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, isoleucine, lysine and valine was determined. Under physiological conditions these amino acids are not participating in the transamination reactions. The activity of aminotransferases was expressed as the amount of alanine developing during incubation of 1 ml of plasma for 1 hour. Alanine was determined spectrophotometrically after chromatographic separation on paper. The results of the investigations demonstrated that acute poisoning with carbaryl caused the appearance of activity of all studied plasma aminotransferases, except for the enzyme catalysing the reaction between pyruvate and lysine. The activity of the studied aminotransferases appeared as follows: glutamic acid--pyruvate--4 hr; isoleucine--pyruvate--24 and 72 hr; asparagine--pyruvate, aspartic acid--pyruvate and valine--pyruvate--72 hr after intoxication.